In the earlier chapters of C++, you have learned the basics of various syntax and way of writing C++ programs for building applications and programs. In this chapter, you will get a new taste of linking web with your C++ program. For this, you need to have knowledge of basics of CGI and how it works.
What is CGI?
CGI stands for Common Gateway Interface is a set of standards that define how information is exchanged from the web server, passing the web user's request to an application program and to receive data back to the user. When any user requests for a web page, the server sends back the requested page. The Web server typically passes the form information to a small application program that processes the data and may send back a confirmation message. This method or convention for passing data back and forth between the server and the application is called the common gateway interface (CGI) and is part of the Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
The current version is CGI/1.1 and CGI/1.2 is in progress.
Browsing the Web
For knowing the concept of CGI, let us take a look at the scenario that takes place when users browse something on the web using a specific URL.
If you are developing a website and you required a CGI application to control then you can specify the name of the application in the URL (uniform resource locator) that your code in an HTML file.
Server Configuration
Before using the CGI programming, programmers should make sure that the Web server supports CGI and is well configured for handling CGI programs. By convention, CGI files will have an extension as .cgi, though they are C++ executable. By default, Apache Web Server is configured to run CGI programs in /var/www/cgi-bin. Programmers need to have a web server up and running in order to run any CGI program like Perl, shell etc.
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Here is an example of CGI program using C++
Compile the above program and give this executable a suitable name along with the extension .cgi. This file needs to be kept in /var/www/cgi-bin directory and it has following content. Before running your CGI program make sure that you have change mode of the file using chmod 755 cplusplus.cgi UNIX command to make the file executable. The above C++ program writes its output on STDOUT file i.e. on the screen. There are some other HTTP headers which are frequently used in CGI programs. They are:
CGI Environment Variables
This C++ tutorial series will help you to get started learning C++ Programming Language from basics.
C++ is a general-purpose, middle-level programming language, with high and low-level programming capabilities, and this is one of the most popular commercial programming languages.
Required Knowledge
It is important to understand the concepts of C before learning C++, and the basic Knowledge of C Programming Language will help you to understand C++ Programming quickly.
C++ Example
A quick look at the example of C++ Program and detailed description is given in the C++ Program Structure page.
Program Output:
C Sharp Web Application Tutorial Pdf
The above example has been used to print text on the screen.
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December 2020
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